US bases involved in the open-air nuclear test

Base Primary Role Aircraft (Type / Count) Operations / Series Primary Source(s)
Indian Springs AFB, NV On-site AFSWC operating base; all NTS sampler aircraft departure / return / decontamination point Per shot: 5–7 F-84G / B-57B samplers + 1 B-57 control + 1–3 B-25 / B-29 / B-50 trackers + 2–3 C-47 couriers + 1–2 H-21 / H-19 helicopters (~12–16 aircraft per shot-day). Assigned pool: ~18 F-84s + 6 B-57s + support fleet. RANGER, BUSTER-JANGLE, TUMBLER-SNAPPER, UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, TEAPOT, PLUMBBOB, HARDTACK II DNA Wheeler-Morgan; DNA-6008F; DNA-6017F; DNA-6018F; SWEH-2-0034
Kirtland AFB, NM AFSWC organizational HQ (4950th Test Group / 4900th ABG); C-47 courier flights carrying hot samples to LASL / UCRL 2–3 C-47s per shot (courier only; not forward-deployed at NTS) RANGER, BUSTER-JANGLE, TUMBLER-SNAPPER, UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, TEAPOT, PLUMBBOB, HARDTACK II DNA Wheeler-Morgan; SWEH-2-0034
Camp Mercury Airstrip, NV On-site helicopter survey / decontamination point; security-sweep light aircraft 1–3 H-21 / H-19 helicopters + 1–2 L-20 / Bonanza per shot RANGER, BUSTER-JANGLE, TUMBLER-SNAPPER, UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, TEAPOT, PLUMBBOB, HARDTACK II DNA Wheeler-Morgan
George AFB, CA HOT decontamination center; home base for 479th FBW and 14-state ANG rotational units; Project 53.9 TAC recon-training aircraft return / washdown point Dozens of aircraft decontaminated over 11 years; 479th FBW F-86Hs + ANG F-33A / F-84 / T-33 aircraft from 14 states on rotation; 1 T-33 documented at CHARLESTON (Project 53.9) RANGER, BUSTER-JANGLE, TUMBLER-SNAPPER, UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, TEAPOT, PLUMBBOB, HARDTACK II, DOMINIC (1951–1962) 479th FBW Unit History; DNA-6017F; DNA-6018F; DNA-6008F; DNA-6006F; DNA Wheeler-Morgan (Shot CHARLESTON §8.2.4)
Norton AFB, CA HOT decontamination / washdown center for returning NTS aircraft Not specifically quantified in declassified record; confirmed by EPA review of AF documentation UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, TEAPOT, PLUMBBOB (multiple NTS series) 1992 Senate Hearing (forced disclosure via Norton RAB)
Davis-Monthan AFB, AZ Nuclear cloud sampling aircraft washdown / decontamination (officially reported) Not specifically quantified in declassified record UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, TEAPOT, PLUMBBOB (multiple NTS series) 1992 Senate Hearing (officially reported)
Holloman AFB, NM Nuclear cloud sampling aircraft washdown / decontamination (officially reported) Not specifically quantified in declassified record UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, TEAPOT, PLUMBBOB (multiple NTS series) 1992 Senate Hearing (officially reported)
Nellis AFB, NV Nuclear cloud sampling aircraft washdown (Lake Mead & Indian Springs sub-points cited) Not specifically quantified in declassified record RANGER, BUSTER-JANGLE, TUMBLER-SNAPPER, UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, TEAPOT, PLUMBBOB 1992 Senate Hearing (officially reported)
March AFB, CA Pre-deployment staging base for PLUMBBOB aircraft before forward move to Indian Springs Not specifically quantified; staging only PLUMBBOB (1957) AFSC Historical Series SWEH-2-0034
Edwards AFB, CA Pre-deployment staging base for PLUMBBOB aircraft before forward move to Indian Springs Not specifically quantified; staging only PLUMBBOB (1957) AFSC Historical Series SWEH-2-0034
Walker AFB, NM Pre-deployment staging / equipment rehearsal for Pacific sampler aircraft Not specifically quantified; staging only IVY (1952) SWEH-2-0034
Bergstrom AFB, TX Pre-deployment staging / crew rehearsal for Pacific sampler aircraft Not specifically quantified; staging only IVY (1952) SWEH-2-0034
Randolph AFB, TX Home station: USAF School of Aviation Medicine dosimetry project personnel (Project 39.1) No aircraft assigned; personnel deployment only PLUMBBOB (1957) DNA Wheeler-Morgan
Brooks AFB, TX Home station: USAF School of Aerospace Medicine Radiobiological Laboratory (Project 39.6 biological effects studies) No aircraft assigned; personnel deployment only PLUMBBOB (1957) DNA Wheeler-Morgan
McClellan AFB, CA Primary logistics / aircraft maintenance hub; documented radioactive waste contamination from testing support Logistics and depot-level maintenance; specific aircraft count not declassified RANGER, BUSTER-JANGLE, TUMBLER-SNAPPER, UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, TEAPOT, PLUMBBOB, HARDTACK I, HARDTACK II, DOMINIC USAF Radioisotope Committee (1972); CERCLA records
NAS North Island / NAS Miramar, CA Navy staging base for A3D (Skywarrior) heavy-attack indoctrination flights (Project 51.3) 2 A3D aircraft (crew 3–4 each); 6 A4D scheduled but canceled PLUMBBOB — Shot NEWTON (1957) DNA Wheeler-Morgan §5.2.4
NAS Whidbey Island, WA Navy alternate staging base for A3D heavy-attack indoctrination flights (Project 51.3) 2 A3D aircraft (shared staging with San Diego; alternate point) PLUMBBOB — Shot NEWTON (1957) DNA Wheeler-Morgan §5.2.4
Hickam AFB, HI Pacific hub for high-altitude cloud sampling; transit and staging point Multiple B-57 and WB-50 / WB-29 high-altitude samplers; count varies by shot HARDTACK I, DOMINIC DNA-6038F; SWEH-2-0034
Barbers Point NAS, HI Pacific sampling-support and transit hub Support and transit aircraft; specific count varies by shot HARDTACK I, DOMINIC DNA-6038F
Christmas Island (UK territory) Primary forward staging base for DOMINIC airdrop aircraft Multiple B-52 delivery aircraft + supporting KB-50 / KC-135 tankers + WB-50 samplers; fleet of ~30+ aircraft per shot cycle DOMINIC (1962) SWEH-2-0034; DNA DOMINIC series reports
Eniwetok Atoll (FRED Island), Marshall Islands Primary Pacific forward operating base; sampler aircraft staging, post-mission return, and on-site decontamination Per major shot: 4–8 B-57 / WB-29 samplers + 1–2 control / chase aircraft + C-54 / C-47 couriers + support aircraft; total 12–20 aircraft per shot-day IVY (1952), CASTLE (1954), REDWING (1956), HARDTACK I (1958) SWEH-2-0034; AD-A951616

 

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